Eduwhere's Concept: Coordinate Geometry Important formulas
- Neha Gore
- last edited by Neha Gore
Section Formula
Section formula in Coordinate Geometry is used to find coordinates when say a point C divides a segment AB in the ratio p:q.
There are two parts of section formula:
Section Formula for Internal division:
A segment that is divided in the ratio m:n, the coordinates of the point C will be calculated using this formula.
C = {[(mx2+nx1)/(m+n)],[(my2+ny1)/(m+n)]}
Breaking it down further, the x coordinate is (mx2+nx1)/(m+n) and the y coordinate is (my2+ny1)/(m+n)
Section Formula for External division:
When the point P lies on the external part of the segment, this formula is used to calculate the coordinates.
C = P={[(mx2-nx1)/(m-n)],[(my2-ny1)/(m-n)]}
Breaking it down further, the x coordinate is (mx2-nx1)/(m-n) and the y coordinate is (my2-ny1)/(m-n)
MidPoint Formula:
For a point that lies exactly on the centre of the segment, the midpoint formula is used to find the coordinates.
P={(x1+x2)/2,(y1+y2)/2}
Breaking it down further, the x-coordinate is (x1+x2)/2 and the y-coordinate is (y1+y2)/2
Distance Formula:
This formula is based on the Pythagorean theorem which is used to find the distance between any 2 points.
AB=√[(x2-x1)²+(y2-y1)²]